Steel alloy and its manufacture.



JAMES oHUR'oHwA'RD, or NEW YORK,;N. Y.

STEEL'AFLOY AND ITS MANUFACTURE.

To all wit/2111 it may concern:

- Be it known that I, JAMES CHUROHWARD, a subject of the King of GreatBritain, residing in the borough of Manhattanfin the city,

county, and State of New*Y-ork, have invented certain new and usefulImprove-- ments in Steel Alloys and Their Manufacture,

. of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to the-production of nickel-steel alloys; and ithas for its object the production of a steel alloy containing titanium,which owing to the high melting- '5 so employed as to require them toresist high temperatures and great strains.

point of titanium and its relatively high retardation-point is especiallvaluable for constructing gun-forglngs an other steel parts Thefollowing-named alloying metals are combined with the steel in theVarying proportions here given:

Steel, containing from .10 per cent. to .60

1 Nickel 1.00 to 5.0 parts Manganese .25 to .7 parts Titanium .1 J. .50to 10.0 parts Followingis a good working proportion Steel, containingfrom .10 per cent. to..60per cent. ofCarbon- 95.00 parts Nickel 3.00parts Manganese -.50 parts 1.50 parts Titanium tions if molten titaniumwere mixed with the molten steel direct .or-the' alloy of nickel andsteel the great difference between the melting-points would cause thetitanium to chill.

and segregate; but with a small percentage of manganese added thisdifficulty is overcome if the procedure be the proper one. With theproper employment of manganese the titanium be completely assimilated,so that a conglomerate molecule is formed in which no microscopicsegregation of titanium is visible. In this formation of nickel-titanium steel the employment of manganese is Specification of LettersPatent. Application filed December 14.1906, Serial No. 347.321.

l-atented March12, 1907. i

absolutely essential to prevent the chilling of the molten titanium whenthe steel comes in contact with it. The action of the manganese is bothchemical and physical in its characteristics, for on the titaniumcomingin contact with it a new and independent actionwhich may becharacterized as artificial boiling is set up in the molten mass,and'this prevents the chilling and segregating of the titanium in thesame mannerthat open water is prevented from freezing in very coldweather by agitation or stirring. During the action. caused by'thepresence of manganese, which forms an interchange between the moleculesof iron and those of titanium, the chilling action of the less refractomore refractory metal is ehminated for the. time, and then before it canbegin the chilling action the titanium will have been absorbed andassimilated by the molecules of the iron.

Without the intermediation in the alloy of become a part of the massmolecules, but would form minute segregated particles between themolecules, thereby adding nothin valuable to the characteristics orphysica pro e rties of the alloy.

. I the metal manganese the titanium would not T e procedure'for makingthe alloy is as i 1 follows: The titanium is melted in a crucible at atemperature, say, of about 3,000 centigrade, and the steel and nickelare melted in another crucible and heated up to. a oint just below thepoint of volatilization 0 that metal having the lowestvolatilizing-point. The manganese is now added. to the molten titanium;and while it is being-melted and incorporated with the latter, themolten nickelsteel alloy from the other crucible is gradually added bypouring it in, and the alloy formed may be poured or cast directly intothe mold.

- Thenickel is employed to impart tough- I ness to the alloy.

Obviously the titanium may be melted at the same time "the nickel andsteel are being melted, and the only object in pouring the nickel-steelinto the crucible containing the titanium instead of the reverse is thatthe titanium has the lower specific gravity.

The producing of alloys by pouring molten metals from one crucible toanother is not new and is not herein claimed. I

Having thus' described my invention, I claim Q 1. An alloy consisting ofsteel, nickel,

manganese and titanium, in substantially the metals may be raised toavoid volatilizathe proportions specified. I K tion. 1

2. The herein-described mode of producing In Witness whereof I havelrereunto signed a steel alloy containing titanium, which conmy name,this 13th day of December, 1906, 5 sists first rlneltjing tlitaniiilm,then melting in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses. I5

toget er stee an nic rel, t en mixing manv t ganese with the moltentitanium, and then JAMES (JHUROHWVABD' adding to the molten titanium andman- WVitnesses:

anese the molten alloy of nickel and steel 1 H. G. How, 10 the latterbeing at as high a temperature as 1 WILLIAM J. FIRTH.

